What prevents China or another industrialized nation from ruining the US via lost production?

I was reading the science fiction novel Foundation by Isaac Asimov. For a quick backstory the novel series are about a group of scientists trying to essentially rebuild a galactic empire after its fall by using a SciFi math and psychology method where they can accurately predict the outcomes of sociological conflicts. The second major conflict of the novel is solved by the Foundation of scientists using their advanced production technology to develop compact energy generators and other SciFi gadgets to essentially ruin the economies of anyone who tries to go to war with them as the sole producers of the efficient machinery.

Simply put, my question is what prevents other nations who we outsource major chunks of the US economy and labor to, from basically crashing our economy via a complete end of trade between nations? As far as I understand China benefits from the arrangement of being cheap production and labor for other nations, especially the USA. But if they decided not to provide the cheap production and just cut off all trade with the USA, what's to stop the USA from having an economic meltdown? I doubt I'm coming up with some new concept that doesn't have a simple answer or better and actual research on the topic so if there is, I'd love some recommendations on books or papers to read about the issue.