23rd April – Prelims Booster – Current Affairs | UPSC | IAS | IAS 2024 (Hindi + English)
good morning friends so welcome to the
prelims booster session topic aayushman
bat to all senior citizens
to
C
2018% of
second
compon per family per year for secondary
or tertiary care hospitalization poor or
vulnerable
families 10.74 CR poor deprived rural
families or occupational category Urban
workers 1.44
Ames Health benit Pages surgery Medical
Care medical or dayare treatments cost
of medicine
Diagnostics aging
8.6%
8.6%
onor C highest burden of chronic health
conditions
over thee of years
Insurance
women
aging apart from that infectious
diseases IMM system
government most of the money
provide predominantly elderly population
treat next top four Global Mass Coral
bleaching top environment
important US National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration say fourth
Global Mass Coral
bleaching extraordinary
temp underwater
animals each indidual
Coral groups of hundreds of
thousands
poal unlike soft
Coral
re Coral
re
signal great
barriales six of the world seven sea
turtle species coral reefs 97% of energy
waves storms or fls
AB
fishing
support
scien
basically Coral place to live
return oxygen organic photosynthesis
global
WEA pattern okay next topic fall in
household Savings in India topic economy
important household
savings
finings Financial
savings final
Financial savings
households
Financial depits currency financial
investments mostly commercial Banks
households consumption expenditure
Finance
option invs
Financial
savings conom
consump interest rate or income growth
rate
ofro eom
houss interest
rates higher interest
rat
advate
Dem household balance sheet broader
change
next biome virtual Network program
environment topic important camp center
for cellular and molecular platforms
blockchain for impact biome virtual
Network transformative healthare
Solutions BM bi virtual Network program
nurture Cutting Edge biomedical science
or innovation or accelerate impact of
transformative scientific Advance
advances health
challenges incubators or research
institutes single
umbrella2 lakh over the of
years initi Department of biotechology
innovation in life sciences
entrepreneur or
innovation okay next top Summit of the
future top interational relations social
issues
secretary development
BS Summit of the
future Summit of the future High
World better present or future SA
internationaler member states un
agencies noos Civil Society
organizations academic institutions
private sector Youth Forum
or
develop five key
targets un Charter multilateralism
existing commitments Bo implementation
Focus new challenges
solution okay
next zero Shadow top
EnV group of students experience Z
Shadow
science shadow
small
of of
canca okay
Next Top Rampage missile security top
important is Rec
Rampage Rampage longrange suic Precision
strike AOSP
indries
syst
19 150 kg
of Next Top excise
Condes
multiple Ace orar
command okay so now let us see all these
topics in English
so the first topic is aayushman Bharat
to all senior citizens this topic is
important for your governance section so
while releasing its election Manifesto
for the Lo SAA elections the BJP has
promised to expand the aayushman bhat
health insurance scheme to cover senior
citizens of course not all senior
citizens but up to a certain specific
age I think it is 7 uh the seniors above
the age of 70 years okay so what is
aayushman pran bhat pradhanmantri Jan
aroga yoga so it was launched in 2018
and this scheme covers over 40% of the
population targeting the poorest and the
vulnerable uh in India so it was
launched as a second component of
aayushman bhat scheme and it offers
medical coverage of 5 lakh rupees per
family per year for secondary and
tertiary care hospitalization to poor
and vulnerable families earlier the
earlier the scheme was targeting about
10.74 CR poor deprived rural families
and identified uh occupational category
of urban workers families but the states
who are implementing the scheme have
broadened this reach to encompass 13.44%
so we know that India is reaping the
benefits of demographic dividend at
present but declining fertility rate and
increasing life expectancy means that
India’s population is growing old so
only 8.6% of India’s population was over
the age of 60 years in 2001 I’m sorry
2011 but this proportion is expected to
increase to 19.5% by 2050 which would
mean increased expenditure on health
senior citizens also face the highest
burden of chronic health condition paats
and their cost of health is very high
for them so as per the India aging
report of 2023 just over 20% of people
who over the age of 60 years were
covered under Health schemes and
coverage is high was seen as higher in
elderly men than elderly women and India
aging report found that the main reasons
for lack of coverage in elderly uh was
low awareness and Nona affordability
elderly are not just affected by chronic
non-communicable diseases but they also
more more prone to infectious diseases
because they have a weakened immune
system government is already incurring
most of the money in providing treatment
and for the elderly population and this
data also shows that this um scheme will
benefit the senior citizen the most okay
so the next topic is fourth Global Mass
Coral bleaching event this topic is
important for your environment section
so as per the US National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration the fourth
Global Mass Coral bleaching event has
been Tried by extraordinary ocean
temperatures so what are corals and
coral reefs corals are the underwater
animals which stay in one place on the
ocean floor each individual Coral animal
is known as a polyp and they live in
groups of hundreds to thousands of
genetically identical polyps they form a
colony corals are classified as either
hard corals or soft corals unlike soft
corals hard corals have Stony skeletons
made out of limestone and when polyps
die their skeletons are left behind and
they are used as foundations for new
polyps so coral reefs are the hard
corals which are and they are The
Architects of the coral reefs coral
reefs are also referred to as the
rainforests of the sea and they have
existed on Earth for nearly 450 million
years so what is the significance of
corals so we know that Great Barrier
Reef which it contains over 400 Coral
species 1500 fish species 4,000 mesk
species and six of the world seven sea
turtle species coral reefs can absorb up
to 97% of the energy from waves storms
and floods the coral reefs support
Industries like fishing and tourism
corals also hold potential for new
medicines and scientific discoveries
they also help to regulate earth’s
climate by absorbing carbon dioxide from
the atmosphere okay so what is coral
bleaching so most corals contain algae
called the Zeus anth and corals and Zeus
anth have a symbiotic relationship a
coral corals provide zean a safe place
to live on the other hand zean provide
oxygen and organic products of
photosynthesis which helps corals to
grow and Thrive Zeus ANL also give
bright and unique colors to corals
corals are very sensitive to light and
temperature when they become stressed
they expel Zeus ANL and they turn
entirely white Coral bleaching does not
immediately lead to the death of corals
but they rather go under very severe
stress and they be become subject to
mortality Coral bleaching also reduces
the reproductivity of corals and makes
them more vulnerable to fatal diseases
but if the bleaching bleaching is not
very s where then corals have known to
recover
okay so this is the this will be the
fourth Global Mass Coral bleaching the
first one took place in 1998 the next
two Global bleaching events occurred in
2010 and the third one was between 2014
and
2017 and if you can look then you will
see that the these three Glo Global
bleaching events also occurred when the
there was elino phenomena going on this
year also we have last year actually
since last year we have been witnessing
the alino phenomena and this Coral
bleaching is coinciding with that
phenomena only okay once the alino uh
dissipates which the uh the Pacific in
the Pacific which the scientific
Community is saying that it has already
started to weather wither away and once
the lanina phase sets in and perhaps
there is a great hope that this Coral
bleaching event would stop okay
so the next topic is fall in household
Savings in India this topic is important
for your economy section so the fall in
household savings has been at the heart
of recent debates in India which is
brought about a by a drastic reduction
in net Financial savings so we know that
net Financial Savings of households is
the difference between their gross
Financial savings and the borrowings
that they have made so gross Financial
Savings of a household is the extent to
which financial assets change during a
period so Financial assets of a hold of
households typically comprise of Bank
deposits currency financial investments
and the borrowing is basically the the
uh the loans or the borrowings that they
have made from commercial Banks or other
non- banking Financial corporations
households generally fin why they borrow
so generally households they they use
borrowing uh to fund their additional
consumption expenditure second is when
they have want to purchase U or when
they want to go for higher physical
investment they increase their borrowing
and the third is when they are making
interest payments and the interest rates
become High then their finan financial
savings suffer okay so the first factor
in which they are consuming more for
that their financial saving is suffering
this has hardly played any role in our
in the in Indian economy even the second
factor in which they want are purchasing
or making Investments it has also played
a limited role but when the interest
rates are increased their interest
payment also increases so that affects
their financial savings this
has played a major role in uh impacting
the gross Financial Savings of the
households so this rise in household
debt is a major concern for the economy
of course it affects their debt
repayment capacity and be um and their
they become financially fragile it also
impacts the consum consumption demand
because if they uh their financial
savings gets eroded they will not they
would stop consuming more and this would
of course lead to a cascading effect on
the economy there so the the difference
between interest rate and the income
growth rate should not be very high
which means that the Emi that you are
paying the growth of that Emi rate
should be commensurate with the at least
commensurate with the growth in your
income otherwise if your income is
growing uh slow but your uh uh interest
pay pay or your Emi is growing fast then
of course you would have less savings at
your in your hands so this would what
would this mean interest payments from
the households are the interest payments
of the financial sector or the banks so
if you falter on your debt repayment it
would reduce the income of the financial
sector also or the banks this will have
a cascading effect on the macro economy
so the consumption expenditure of the
household is also affected by their
wealth debt and interest rate so that’s
why we to have to uh we have while
looking at the global I’m sorry while
looking at
the macroeconomic fundamentals we have
to see the uh impact of higher interest
rates on the uh net Financial Savings of
the households so households become
susceptible when interest rates increase
so generally the central banks use this
higher interest rates to combat
inflation but this can cause household
debt levels to increase and they are put
into a debt trap or Into the Danger D of
that track so the adverse impact of
consumption on the of the households and
also affects the aggregate demand so
that’s why while looking at household
balance sheets you can see the broader
change in the structure of our economy
okay so the next topic is BFI biome
virtual Network program this topic is
important for your environment section
so Center for cellular and molecular
platforms has joined the blockchain for
impact biome virtual Network program to
accelerate transformative Healthcare
Solutions so this will nurture Cutting
Edge biomedical science and Innovation
and it will accelerate the impact of
transformative scientific advances um to
address the key Healthcare challenges in
India so it will it unites incubators
and research institutes under a single
umbrella BFI will be allocating $2 lakh
over the course of three years which
Camp will be leveraging to develop
essential programs for healthcare based
startups so what is Camp so it’s an
initiative which is supported by
Department of biotechnology and it has
been a catalyst of Cutting Edge research
and innovation in the Life Sciences
since 2009 so it is mandated to promote
entrepreneurship and Innovation
okay so the next topic is Summit of the
future this topic is important for your
uh international relations topic so un
Secretary General has said that reform
of multilateral development banks will
be a key theme at this year’s Summit of
the future so Summit of the future is a
high level event bringing world leaders
together and it will uh Forge a new
international consensus on how we are
going to deliver a better present and
Safeguard the future so it will serve as
a moment to M eroded trust and
demonstrate that International
cooperation can effectively tackle
current challenges so this high level
event will bring together UN member
states un agencies NOS Civil Society
organizations academic institutions
private sector and youth under this uh
uh this uh event and they aim to build
upon the sustainable development goals
Summit also okay so UN member states
have agreed that Summit of the future is
will be centering around five key
targets the first will be reaffirmation
of the UN Charter uh reinvigorating
multilateralism implementing the
existing commitments agreeing on
solutions to new challenges and
restoring
trust so the next topic is zero Shadow
day this topic is important for your
environment section so a group of
students were provided a firstand
experience of the zero Shadow Day by
piter science Forum so what is zero
Shadow day it’s a sub solar point when
the sun is directly overhead at a
particular latitude so when the sun is
at its zi that is the highest point in
the sky the Rays of the sun will be
hitting a particular point exactly
perpendicular to the surface and it will
be creating no Shadows okay so there are
two Shadow Days every year in May and
July August when the sun is transiting
between the Tropic of Cancer and the
Tropic of Capricorn uh when it is moving
northwards that is utan uh and the
second one Falls when it is moving uh
southwards when we which we call as Duan
so this moment lasts for a small part of
a second but its effect can be seen for
a minute to a minute and half
okay so the next topic is Rampage
missile this topic is important for your
security section so Israel has recently
used the Rampage air to surface missile
to attack an Iran Iranian military base
so Rampage missile is a long range
supersonic air ground air to ground
Seeker lless Precision strike missile
which has been developed by Israeli
Aerospace Industries and is High
military industri system so it may
travel at supersonic speeds it has a
range of over 190 Mi and it can carry
150 kg of
explosives so the next topic is exercise
purv leer this topic is again important
for your security section so Indian Navy
has recently conducted exercise pvar on
the East Coast so it’s a maritime
exercise conducted by the Indian Navy
and it assesses the Indian Navy’s
preparedness to beat Maritime security
challenges in the region so this is
conducted in multiple phases including
combat training in a realistic scenario
and it it also saw participation from
the uh Indian Air Force and andan and
nikobar command and also the Coast Guard
to check uh interoperability amongst the
services okay so these were our topics
for today we’ll meet next time with new
topics until then goodbye and take care
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1 Comment
Thanx a lot sir! It's so good! Great job done! ⭐